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		<id>http://atmoschem.org.cn/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=ESE315_Assignment_6</id>
		<title>ESE315 Assignment 6 - Revision history</title>
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		<updated>2026-05-09T16:08:32Z</updated>
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	<entry>
		<id>http://atmoschem.org.cn/index.php?title=ESE315_Assignment_6&amp;diff=2089&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Atmoschem at 07:27, 21 November 2019</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://atmoschem.org.cn/index.php?title=ESE315_Assignment_6&amp;diff=2089&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2019-11-21T07:27:07Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class='diff diff-contentalign-left'&gt;
				&lt;col class='diff-marker' /&gt;
				&lt;col class='diff-content' /&gt;
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				&lt;tr style='vertical-align: top;'&gt;
				&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 07:27, 21 November 2019&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 4:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 4:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# '''[30 credits]''' Choose the three strongest El Niño events and the three strongest La Niña events during this time period. Make a composite (合成) of the December SST anomaly for the three strongest El Niño events. Make a composite of the December SST anomaly for the three strongest La Niña events. Plot the composite SST anomalies for El Niño and La Niña (Hint: two 2-D maps).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# '''[30 credits]''' Choose the three strongest El Niño events and the three strongest La Niña events during this time period. Make a composite (合成) of the December SST anomaly for the three strongest El Niño events. Make a composite of the December SST anomaly for the three strongest La Niña events. Plot the composite SST anomalies for El Niño and La Niña (Hint: two 2-D maps).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# '''[30 credits]''' Repeat the process of the global SST EOF analysis in tutoral 3. Plot the PC (timeseries) that corresponds to the ENSO phenomenon. Also plot the ONI (timeseries) in the same plot. How are they similar to or different from each other? Why are there differences?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# '''[30 credits]''' Repeat the process of the global SST EOF analysis in tutoral 3. Plot the PC (timeseries) that corresponds to the ENSO phenomenon. Also plot the ONI (timeseries) in the same plot. How are they similar to or different from each other? Why are there differences?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# '''[30 credits]''' Repeat the process of the global SST EOF analysis in tutoral 3. Plot the EOF (2-D map) that corresponds to the ENSO phenomenon. Compare this map to the El Niño composite map you made in Question 2. Comment on how are they similar to or different from each other? Why are there differences?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# '''[30 credits]''' Repeat the process of the global SST EOF analysis in tutoral 3. Plot the EOF (2-D map) that corresponds to the ENSO phenomenon. Compare this map to the El Niño composite map &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;(December) &lt;/ins&gt;you made in Question 2. Comment on how are they similar to or different from each other? Why are there differences?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# '''[Extra 30 credits]''' Calculate the November-December (ND) average of ONI for each year between 1982 to 2018. Calculate the correlations between the November-December ONI and the November-December average surface air temperature between 1982 and 2018 for all places in the World. Where and how do surface temperature change in association with ENSO? '''''Hint: your plot will be a 2-D map that looks similar to the lower-left panel in following figure.'''''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# '''[Extra 30 credits]''' Calculate the November-December (ND) average of ONI for each year between 1982 to 2018. Calculate the correlations between the November-December ONI and the November-December average surface air temperature between 1982 and 2018 for all places in the World. Where and how do surface temperature change in association with ENSO? '''''Hint: your plot will be a 2-D map that looks similar to the lower-left panel in following figure.'''''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Atmoschem</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>http://atmoschem.org.cn/index.php?title=ESE315_Assignment_6&amp;diff=2088&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Atmoschem at 04:15, 19 November 2019</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://atmoschem.org.cn/index.php?title=ESE315_Assignment_6&amp;diff=2088&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2019-11-19T04:15:30Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class='diff diff-contentalign-left'&gt;
				&lt;col class='diff-marker' /&gt;
				&lt;col class='diff-content' /&gt;
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				&lt;tr style='vertical-align: top;'&gt;
				&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 04:15, 19 November 2019&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Go through the three Jupyter notebooks in Tutorial 3 &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;careful&lt;/del&gt;. Play around with the different Niño indices. Make sure you understand what EOF is and how it is done. &amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Go through the three Jupyter notebooks in Tutorial 3 &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;carefully&lt;/ins&gt;. Play around with the different Niño indices. Make sure you understand what EOF is and how it is done. &amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# '''[10 credits]''' Calculate the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) between the years 1982 to 2018. Plot the ONI timeseries. Determine, based on the &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;operation &lt;/del&gt;definition of NOAA (see bottom of this page), the El Niño or La Niña events during this period. Mark these events (you can mark them either using python or by hand).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# '''[10 credits]''' Calculate the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) between the years 1982 to 2018. Plot the ONI timeseries. Determine, based on the &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;operational &lt;/ins&gt;definition of NOAA (see bottom of this page), the El Niño or La Niña events during this period. Mark these events (you can mark them either using python or by hand).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# '''[30 credits]''' Choose the three strongest El Niño events and the three strongest La Niña events during this time period. Make a composite (合成) of the December SST anomaly for the three strongest El Niño events. Make a composite of the December SST anomaly for the three strongest La Niña events. Plot the composite SST anomalies for El Niño and La Niña (Hint: two 2-D maps).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# '''[30 credits]''' Choose the three strongest El Niño events and the three strongest La Niña events during this time period. Make a composite (合成) of the December SST anomaly for the three strongest El Niño events. Make a composite of the December SST anomaly for the three strongest La Niña events. Plot the composite SST anomalies for El Niño and La Niña (Hint: two 2-D maps).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# '''[30 credits]''' Repeat the process of the global SST EOF analysis in tutoral 3. Plot the PC (timeseries) that corresponds to the ENSO phenomenon. Also plot the ONI (timeseries) in the same plot. How are they similar or different &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;to &lt;/del&gt;each other? Why are there differences?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# '''[30 credits]''' Repeat the process of the global SST EOF analysis in tutoral 3. Plot the PC (timeseries) that corresponds to the ENSO phenomenon. Also plot the ONI (timeseries) in the same plot. How are they similar &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;to &lt;/ins&gt;or different &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;from &lt;/ins&gt;each other? Why are there differences?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# '''[30 credits]''' Repeat the process of the global SST EOF analysis in tutoral 3. Plot the EOF (2-D map) that corresponds to the ENSO phenomenon. Compare this map to the El Niño composite map you made in Question 2. Comment on how are they similar or different &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;to &lt;/del&gt;each other? Why are there differences?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# '''[30 credits]''' Repeat the process of the global SST EOF analysis in tutoral 3. Plot the EOF (2-D map) that corresponds to the ENSO phenomenon. Compare this map to the El Niño composite map you made in Question 2. Comment on how are they similar &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;to &lt;/ins&gt;or different &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;from &lt;/ins&gt;each other? Why are there differences?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# '''[Extra 30 credits]''' Calculate the November-December (ND) average of ONI for each year between 1982 to 2018. Calculate the correlations between the November-December ONI and the November-December average surface air temperature between 1982 and 2018. Where and how do surface temperature change in association with ENSO? '''''Hint: your plot will be a 2-D map that looks similar to the lower-left panel in following figure.'''''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# '''[Extra 30 credits]''' Calculate the November-December (ND) average of ONI for each year between 1982 to 2018. Calculate the correlations between the November-December ONI and the November-December average surface air temperature between 1982 and 2018 &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;for all places in the World&lt;/ins&gt;. Where and how do surface temperature change in association with ENSO? '''''Hint: your plot will be a 2-D map that looks similar to the lower-left panel in following figure.'''''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[File:enso_impacts.png]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[File:enso_impacts.png]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Atmoschem</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>http://atmoschem.org.cn/index.php?title=ESE315_Assignment_6&amp;diff=2087&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Atmoschem at 04:13, 19 November 2019</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://atmoschem.org.cn/index.php?title=ESE315_Assignment_6&amp;diff=2087&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2019-11-19T04:13:04Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class='diff diff-contentalign-left'&gt;
				&lt;col class='diff-marker' /&gt;
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				&lt;tr style='vertical-align: top;'&gt;
				&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 04:13, 19 November 2019&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 4:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 4:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# '''[30 credits]''' Choose the three strongest El Niño events and the three strongest La Niña events during this time period. Make a composite (合成) of the December SST anomaly for the three strongest El Niño events. Make a composite of the December SST anomaly for the three strongest La Niña events. Plot the composite SST anomalies for El Niño and La Niña (Hint: two 2-D maps).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# '''[30 credits]''' Choose the three strongest El Niño events and the three strongest La Niña events during this time period. Make a composite (合成) of the December SST anomaly for the three strongest El Niño events. Make a composite of the December SST anomaly for the three strongest La Niña events. Plot the composite SST anomalies for El Niño and La Niña (Hint: two 2-D maps).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# '''[30 credits]''' Repeat the process of the global SST EOF analysis in tutoral 3. Plot the PC (timeseries) that corresponds to the ENSO phenomenon. Also plot the ONI (timeseries) in the same plot. How are they similar or different to each other? Why are there differences?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# '''[30 credits]''' Repeat the process of the global SST EOF analysis in tutoral 3. Plot the PC (timeseries) that corresponds to the ENSO phenomenon. Also plot the ONI (timeseries) in the same plot. How are they similar or different to each other? Why are there differences?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# [30 credits] Repeat the process of the global SST EOF analysis in tutoral 3. Plot the EOF (2-D map) that corresponds to the ENSO phenomenon. Compare this map to the El Niño composite map you made in Question 2. Comment on how are they similar or different to each other? Why are there differences?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;'''&lt;/ins&gt;[30 credits]&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;''' &lt;/ins&gt;Repeat the process of the global SST EOF analysis in tutoral 3. Plot the EOF (2-D map) that corresponds to the ENSO phenomenon. Compare this map to the El Niño composite map you made in Question 2. Comment on how are they similar or different to each other? Why are there differences?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# '''[Extra 30 credits]''' Calculate the November-December (ND) average of ONI for each year between 1982 to 2018. Calculate the correlations between the November-December ONI and the November-December average surface air temperature between 1982 and 2018. Where and how do surface temperature change in association with ENSO? '''''Hint: your plot will be a 2-D map that looks similar to the lower-left panel in following figure.'''''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# '''[Extra 30 credits]''' Calculate the November-December (ND) average of ONI for each year between 1982 to 2018. Calculate the correlations between the November-December ONI and the November-December average surface air temperature between 1982 and 2018. Where and how do surface temperature change in association with ENSO? '''''Hint: your plot will be a 2-D map that looks similar to the lower-left panel in following figure.'''''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Atmoschem</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>http://atmoschem.org.cn/index.php?title=ESE315_Assignment_6&amp;diff=2086&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Atmoschem at 04:12, 19 November 2019</title>
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				<updated>2019-11-19T04:12:21Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class='diff diff-contentalign-left'&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 04:12, 19 November 2019&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Go through the three Jupyter notebooks in Tutorial 3 careful. Play around with the different Niño indices. Make sure you understand what EOF is and how it is done. &amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Go through the three Jupyter notebooks in Tutorial 3 careful. Play around with the different Niño indices. Make sure you understand what EOF is and how it is done. &amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# [10 credits] Calculate the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) between the years 1982 to 2018. Plot the ONI timeseries. Determine, based on the operation definition of NOAA, the El Niño or La Niña events during this period. Mark these events (you can mark them using python or by hand).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;'''&lt;/ins&gt;[10 credits]&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;''' &lt;/ins&gt;Calculate the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) between the years 1982 to 2018. Plot the ONI timeseries. Determine, based on the operation definition of NOAA &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;(see bottom of this page)&lt;/ins&gt;, the El Niño or La Niña events during this period. Mark these events (you can mark them &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;either &lt;/ins&gt;using python or by hand).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# [30 credits] Choose the three strongest El Niño events and the three strongest La Niña events during this time period. Make a composite (合成) of the December SST anomaly for the three strongest El Niño events. Make a composite of the December SST anomaly for the three strongest La Niña events. Plot the composite SST anomalies for El Niño and La Niña (Hint: two 2-D maps).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;'''&lt;/ins&gt;[30 credits]&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;''' &lt;/ins&gt;Choose the three strongest El Niño events and the three strongest La Niña events during this time period. Make a composite (合成) of the December SST anomaly for the three strongest El Niño events. Make a composite of the December SST anomaly for the three strongest La Niña events. Plot the composite SST anomalies for El Niño and La Niña (Hint: two 2-D maps).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# [30 credits] Repeat the process of the global SST EOF analysis in tutoral 3. Plot the PC (timeseries) that corresponds to the ENSO phenomenon. Also plot the ONI (timeseries) in the same plot. How are they similar or different to each other? Why are there differences?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;'''&lt;/ins&gt;[30 credits]&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;''' &lt;/ins&gt;Repeat the process of the global SST EOF analysis in tutoral 3. Plot the PC (timeseries) that corresponds to the ENSO phenomenon. Also plot the ONI (timeseries) in the same plot. How are they similar or different to each other? Why are there differences?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# [30 credits] Repeat the process of the global SST EOF analysis in tutoral 3. Plot the EOF (2-D map) that corresponds to the ENSO phenomenon. Compare this map to the El Niño composite map you made in Question 2. Comment on how are they similar or different to each other? Why are there differences?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# [30 credits] Repeat the process of the global SST EOF analysis in tutoral 3. Plot the EOF (2-D map) that corresponds to the ENSO phenomenon. Compare this map to the El Niño composite map you made in Question 2. Comment on how are they similar or different to each other? Why are there differences?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# '''[Extra &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;20 &lt;/del&gt;credits]''' Calculate the November-December (ND) average of ONI for each year between 1982 to 2018. Calculate the correlations between the November-December ONI and the November-December average surface air temperature between 1982 and 2018. Where and how do surface temperature change in association with ENSO? '''''Hint: your plot will be a 2-D map that looks similar to the lower-left panel in following figure.'''''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# '''[Extra &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;30 &lt;/ins&gt;credits]''' Calculate the November-December (ND) average of ONI for each year between 1982 to 2018. Calculate the correlations between the November-December ONI and the November-December average surface air temperature between 1982 and 2018. Where and how do surface temperature change in association with ENSO? '''''Hint: your plot will be a 2-D map that looks similar to the lower-left panel in following figure.'''''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[File:enso_impacts.png]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[File:enso_impacts.png]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;==Notes about the Niño indices==&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;*Niño 1+2 (0-10S, 90W-80W):&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The Niño 1+2 region is the smallest and eastern-most of the Niño SST regions, and corresponds with the region of coastal South America where El Niño was first recognized by the local populations.&amp;#160; This index tends to have the largest variance of the Niño SST indices.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;*Niño 3 (5N-5S, 150W-90W):&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;This region was once the primary focus for monitoring and predicting El Niño, but researchers later learned that the key region for coupled ocean-atmosphere interactions for ENSO lies further west (Trenberth, 1997).&amp;#160; Hence, the Niño 3.4 and ONI became favored for defining El Niño and La Niña events.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;*Niño 3.4 (5N-5S, 170W-120W):&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The&amp;#160; Niño 3.4 anomalies may be thought of as representing the average equatorial SSTs across the Pacific from about the dateline to the South American coast.&amp;#160; The Niño 3.4 index typically uses a 5-month running mean, and El Niño or La&amp;#160; Niña events are defined when the&amp;#160; Niño 3.4 SSTs exceed +/- 0.4C for a period of six months or more.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;*Niño 4 (5N-5S, 160E-150W):&amp;#160; &lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The&amp;#160; Niño 4 index captures SST anomalies in the central equatorial Pacific.&amp;#160; This region tends to have less variance than the other Niño regions.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;*ONI (5N-5S, 170W-120W):&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The ONI (Oceanic Niño Index) uses the same region as the Niño 3.4 index.&amp;#160; The ONI uses a 3-month running mean, and to be classified as a full-fledged El Niño or La Niña, the anomalies must exceed +0.5C or -0.5C for at least five consecutive months.&amp;#160; This is the operational definition used by NOAA.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;*Usually the anomalies are computed relative to a base period of 30 years.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Atmoschem</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>http://atmoschem.org.cn/index.php?title=ESE315_Assignment_6&amp;diff=2085&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Atmoschem at 04:07, 19 November 2019</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://atmoschem.org.cn/index.php?title=ESE315_Assignment_6&amp;diff=2085&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2019-11-19T04:07:38Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class='diff diff-contentalign-left'&gt;
				&lt;col class='diff-marker' /&gt;
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				&lt;tr style='vertical-align: top;'&gt;
				&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 04:07, 19 November 2019&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Go through the three Jupyter notebooks in Tutorial 3 careful. Play around with the different Niño indices. Make sure you understand what EOF is and how it is done. &amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Go through the three Jupyter notebooks in Tutorial 3 careful. Play around with the different Niño indices. Make sure you understand what EOF is and how it is done. &amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# [&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;40 &lt;/del&gt;credits] Calculate the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) between the years 1982 to 2018. Plot the ONI timeseries. Determine, based on the operation definition of NOAA, the El Niño or La Niña events during this period. Mark these events (you can mark them using python or by hand).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# [&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;10 &lt;/ins&gt;credits] Calculate the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) between the years 1982 to 2018. Plot the ONI timeseries. Determine, based on the operation definition of NOAA, the El Niño or La Niña events during this period. Mark these events (you can mark them using python or by hand).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# [&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;60 &lt;/del&gt;credits] Choose the three strongest El Niño events and the three strongest La Niña events during this time period. Make a composite (合成) of the December SST anomaly for the three strongest El Niño events. Make a composite of the December SST anomaly for the three strongest La Niña events. Plot the composite SST anomalies for El Niño and La Niña.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# [&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;30 &lt;/ins&gt;credits] Choose the three strongest El Niño events and the three strongest La Niña events during this time period. Make a composite (合成) of the December SST anomaly for the three strongest El Niño events. Make a composite of the December SST anomaly for the three strongest La Niña events. Plot the composite SST anomalies for El Niño and La Niña &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;(Hint: two 2-D maps)&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;# [30 credits] Repeat the process of the global SST EOF analysis in tutoral 3. Plot the PC (timeseries) that corresponds to the ENSO phenomenon. Also plot the ONI (timeseries) in the same plot. How are they similar or different to each other? Why are there differences?&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;# [30 credits] Repeat the process of the global SST EOF analysis in tutoral 3. Plot the EOF (2-D map) that corresponds to the ENSO phenomenon. Compare this map to the El Niño composite map you made in Question 2. Comment on how are they similar or different to each other? Why are there differences?&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# '''[Extra 20 credits]''' Calculate the November-December (ND) average of ONI for each year between 1982 to 2018. Calculate the correlations between the November-December ONI and the November-December average surface air temperature between 1982 and 2018. Where and how do surface temperature change in association with ENSO? '''''Hint: your plot will be a 2-D map that looks similar to the lower-left panel in following figure.'''''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# '''[Extra 20 credits]''' Calculate the November-December (ND) average of ONI for each year between 1982 to 2018. Calculate the correlations between the November-December ONI and the November-December average surface air temperature between 1982 and 2018. Where and how do surface temperature change in association with ENSO? '''''Hint: your plot will be a 2-D map that looks similar to the lower-left panel in following figure.'''''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[File:enso_impacts.png]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[File:enso_impacts.png]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Atmoschem</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>http://atmoschem.org.cn/index.php?title=ESE315_Assignment_6&amp;diff=2084&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Atmoschem at 03:55, 19 November 2019</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://atmoschem.org.cn/index.php?title=ESE315_Assignment_6&amp;diff=2084&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2019-11-19T03:55:43Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class='diff diff-contentalign-left'&gt;
				&lt;col class='diff-marker' /&gt;
				&lt;col class='diff-content' /&gt;
				&lt;col class='diff-marker' /&gt;
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				&lt;tr style='vertical-align: top;'&gt;
				&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 03:55, 19 November 2019&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# [40 credits] Calculate the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) between the years 1982 to 2018. Plot the ONI timeseries. Determine, based on the operation definition of NOAA, the El Niño or La Niña events during this period. Mark these events (you can mark them using python or by hand).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# [40 credits] Calculate the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) between the years 1982 to 2018. Plot the ONI timeseries. Determine, based on the operation definition of NOAA, the El Niño or La Niña events during this period. Mark these events (you can mark them using python or by hand).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# [60 credits] Choose the three strongest El Niño events and the three strongest La Niña events during this time period. Make a composite (合成) of the December SST anomaly for the three strongest El Niño events. Make a composite of the December SST anomaly for the three strongest La Niña events. Plot the composite SST anomalies for El Niño and La Niña.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# [60 credits] Choose the three strongest El Niño events and the three strongest La Niña events during this time period. Make a composite (合成) of the December SST anomaly for the three strongest El Niño events. Make a composite of the December SST anomaly for the three strongest La Niña events. Plot the composite SST anomalies for El Niño and La Niña.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# [Extra 20 credits] Calculate the November-December (ND) average of ONI for each year between 1982 to 2018. Calculate the correlations between the November-December ONI and the November-December average surface air temperature between 1982 and 2018. '''Hint: &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;this &lt;/del&gt;will be a 2-D map that looks similar to the lower-left panel in following figure.'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;'''&lt;/ins&gt;[Extra 20 credits]&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;''' &lt;/ins&gt;Calculate the November-December (ND) average of ONI for each year between 1982 to 2018. Calculate the correlations between the November-December ONI and the November-December average surface air temperature between 1982 and 2018. &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;Where and how do surface temperature change in association with ENSO? ''&lt;/ins&gt;'''Hint: &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;your plot &lt;/ins&gt;will be a 2-D map that looks similar to the lower-left panel in following figure.&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;''&lt;/ins&gt;'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[File:enso_impacts.png]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[File:enso_impacts.png]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Atmoschem</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>http://atmoschem.org.cn/index.php?title=ESE315_Assignment_6&amp;diff=2083&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Atmoschem at 03:54, 19 November 2019</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://atmoschem.org.cn/index.php?title=ESE315_Assignment_6&amp;diff=2083&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2019-11-19T03:54:30Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class='diff diff-contentalign-left'&gt;
				&lt;col class='diff-marker' /&gt;
				&lt;col class='diff-content' /&gt;
				&lt;col class='diff-marker' /&gt;
				&lt;col class='diff-content' /&gt;
				&lt;tr style='vertical-align: top;'&gt;
				&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 03:54, 19 November 2019&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 4:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 4:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# [60 credits] Choose the three strongest El Niño events and the three strongest La Niña events during this time period. Make a composite (合成) of the December SST anomaly for the three strongest El Niño events. Make a composite of the December SST anomaly for the three strongest La Niña events. Plot the composite SST anomalies for El Niño and La Niña.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# [60 credits] Choose the three strongest El Niño events and the three strongest La Niña events during this time period. Make a composite (合成) of the December SST anomaly for the three strongest El Niño events. Make a composite of the December SST anomaly for the three strongest La Niña events. Plot the composite SST anomalies for El Niño and La Niña.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# [Extra 20 credits] Calculate the November-December (ND) average of ONI for each year between 1982 to 2018. Calculate the correlations between the November-December ONI and the November-December average surface air temperature between 1982 and 2018. '''Hint: this will be a 2-D map that looks similar to the lower-left panel in following figure.'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# [Extra 20 credits] Calculate the November-December (ND) average of ONI for each year between 1982 to 2018. Calculate the correlations between the November-December ONI and the November-December average surface air temperature between 1982 and 2018. '''Hint: this will be a 2-D map that looks similar to the lower-left panel in following figure.'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[File:enso_impacts.png]]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Atmoschem</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>http://atmoschem.org.cn/index.php?title=ESE315_Assignment_6&amp;diff=2081&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Atmoschem at 03:53, 19 November 2019</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://atmoschem.org.cn/index.php?title=ESE315_Assignment_6&amp;diff=2081&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2019-11-19T03:53:16Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class='diff diff-contentalign-left'&gt;
				&lt;col class='diff-marker' /&gt;
				&lt;col class='diff-content' /&gt;
				&lt;col class='diff-marker' /&gt;
				&lt;col class='diff-content' /&gt;
				&lt;tr style='vertical-align: top;'&gt;
				&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 03:53, 19 November 2019&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# [40 credits] Calculate the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) between the years 1982 to 2018. Plot the ONI timeseries. Determine, based on the operation definition of NOAA, the El Niño or La Niña events during this period. Mark these events (you can mark them using python or by hand).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# [40 credits] Calculate the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) between the years 1982 to 2018. Plot the ONI timeseries. Determine, based on the operation definition of NOAA, the El Niño or La Niña events during this period. Mark these events (you can mark them using python or by hand).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# [60 credits] Choose the three strongest El Niño events and the three strongest La Niña events during this time period. Make a composite (合成) of the December SST anomaly for the three strongest El Niño events. Make a composite of the December SST anomaly for the three strongest La Niña events. Plot the composite SST anomalies for El Niño and La Niña.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# [60 credits] Choose the three strongest El Niño events and the three strongest La Niña events during this time period. Make a composite (合成) of the December SST anomaly for the three strongest El Niño events. Make a composite of the December SST anomaly for the three strongest La Niña events. Plot the composite SST anomalies for El Niño and La Niña.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# [Extra 20 credits] Calculate the November-December (ND) average of ONI for each year between 1982 to 2018. Calculate the correlations between the November-December ONI and the November-December average surface air temperature between 1982 and 2018. '''Hint: this will be a 2-D map that looks similar to the lower-left panel in following figure.'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# [Extra 20 credits] Calculate the November-December (ND) average of ONI for each year between 1982 to 2018. Calculate the correlations between the November-December ONI and the November-December average surface air temperature between 1982 and 2018. '''Hint: this will be a 2-D map that looks similar to the lower-left panel in following figure.'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Atmoschem</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>http://atmoschem.org.cn/index.php?title=ESE315_Assignment_6&amp;diff=2079&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Atmoschem: Created page with &quot;Go through the three Jupyter notebooks in Tutorial 3 careful. Play around with the different Niño indices. Make sure you understand what EOF is and how it is done.   # [40 cr...&quot;</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://atmoschem.org.cn/index.php?title=ESE315_Assignment_6&amp;diff=2079&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2019-11-19T03:52:10Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Created page with &amp;quot;Go through the three Jupyter notebooks in Tutorial 3 careful. Play around with the different Niño indices. Make sure you understand what EOF is and how it is done.   # [40 cr...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;Go through the three Jupyter notebooks in Tutorial 3 careful. Play around with the different Niño indices. Make sure you understand what EOF is and how it is done. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
# [40 credits] Calculate the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) between the years 1982 to 2018. Plot the ONI timeseries. Determine, based on the operation definition of NOAA, the El Niño or La Niña events during this period. Mark these events (you can mark them using python or by hand).&lt;br /&gt;
# [60 credits] Choose the three strongest El Niño events and the three strongest La Niña events during this time period. Make a composite (合成) of the December SST anomaly for the three strongest El Niño events. Make a composite of the December SST anomaly for the three strongest La Niña events. Plot the composite SST anomalies for El Niño and La Niña.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
# [Extra 20 credits] Calculate the November-December (ND) average of ONI for each year between 1982 to 2018. Calculate the correlations between the November-December ONI and the November-December average surface air temperature between 1982 and 2018. '''Hint: this will be a 2-D map that looks similar to the lower-left panel in following figure.'''&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Atmoschem</name></author>	</entry>

	</feed>