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(Created page with "A= {| class="wikitable" border="1" |- ! A ! |- | Absorption | 吸收 |- | Activity coefficient | 活度系数 |- | Adiabatic lapse rate | 绝热减温率 |- | Adsorption |...")
 
 
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−
A=
+
=A=
 
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
 
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
 
|-
 
|-
 
! A
 
! A
 
!  
 
!  
 +
|-
 +
| Absolute vorticity
 +
| 绝对涡度
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Absorption
 
| Absorption
 
| 吸收
 
| 吸收
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Activity coefficient
+
| Absorptivity
−
| 活度系数
+
| 吸收率
 +
|-
 +
| Acetyl radical
 +
| 乙酰基
 +
|-
 +
| Acid rain
 +
| 酸雨
 +
|-
 +
| Adiabat
 +
| 绝热线
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Adiabatic lapse rate
 
| Adiabatic lapse rate
 
| 绝热减温率
 
| 绝热减温率
 +
|-
 +
| Adiabatic process
 +
| 绝热过程
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Adsorption
 
| Adsorption
 
| 吸附
 
| 吸附
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Aerosol
+
| Advection
−
| 气溶胶
+
| 平流
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Aerodynamic  
 
| Aerodynamic  
 
| 空气动力学
 
| 空气动力学
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Air-fuel ratio (A/F)
+
| Aerodynamic diameter
−
| 空气与燃料之比
+
| 空气动力学直径
 +
|-
 +
| Aerosol
 +
| 气溶胶
 +
|-
 +
| Aerosol optical depth
 +
| 气溶胶光学厚度
 +
|-
 +
| Ageostrophic wind component
 +
| 非地转风分量
 +
|-
 +
| Aggregation
 +
| 聚合
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Air quality index (AQI)  
 
| Air quality index (AQI)  
 
| 空气质量指数
 
| 空气质量指数
 +
|-
 +
| Aitken nuclei
 +
| 艾肯核
 +
|-
 +
| Albedo
 +
| 反照率、反射率
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Aldehydes
 
| Aldehydes
 
| 醛类
 
| 醛类
 +
|-
 +
| Aleutian low
 +
| 阿留申低压
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Alkane
 
| Alkane
Line 40: Line 76:
 
| Alkyne
 
| Alkyne
 
| 炔烃
 
| 炔烃
 +
|-
 +
| Ammonia (NH3)
 +
| 氨
 +
|-
 +
| Ammonium
 +
| 铵
 +
|-
 +
| Anabatic winds
 +
| 上坡风
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Anemometers  
 
| Anemometers  
 
| 风速计
 
| 风速计
 +
|-
 +
| Angular momentum
 +
| 角动量
 +
|-
 +
| Annual
 +
| 年（尺度）的
 +
|-
 +
| Anoxic ocean basins
 +
| 缺氧海洋盆地
 +
|-
 +
| Antarctic bottom water (AABW)
 +
| 南极底层水
 +
|-
 +
| Antarctic circumpolar current(ACC)
 +
| 南极绕极流
 +
|-
 +
| Antarctic ice sheet
 +
| 南极冰盖
 +
|-
 +
| Antarctic ozone hole
 +
| 南极臭氧空洞
 +
|-
 +
| Anthropogenic influences
 +
| 人为影响
 +
|-
 +
| Anthropogenic source
 +
| 人为源
 +
|-
 +
| Anticyclonic circulation
 +
| 反气旋式环流
 +
|-
 +
| Apparent molecular weight
 +
| 表观分子量
 +
|-
 +
| Arctic Oscillation (AO)
 +
| 北极涛动
 +
|-
 +
| Argon
 +
| 氩
 +
|-
 +
| Aromatics
 +
| 芳香族化合物
 +
|-
 +
| Aqueous-phase chemical reactions
 +
| 水相化学反应
 +
|-
 +
| Asymmetry parameter in scattering
 +
| 散射不对称参数
 +
|-
 +
| Atmospheric boundary layer (ABL)
 +
| 大气边界层
 +
|-
 +
| Atmospheric dynamics
 +
| 大气动力学
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Atmospheric stability  
 
| Atmospheric stability  
 
| 大气静力稳定度
 
| 大气静力稳定度
 +
|-
 +
| Azimuth angle
 +
| 方位角
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
Line 54: Line 156:
 
! B
 
! B
 
!  
 
!  
 +
|-
 +
| Backscatter UV (BUV)
 +
| 后向散射紫外线
 +
|-
 +
| Baiyu front
 +
| 梅雨锋（日本、韩国叫法）
 +
|-
 +
| Meiyu front
 +
| 梅雨锋（中国叫法）
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Baghouse
 
| Baghouse
 
| 袋式除尘器
 
| 袋式除尘器
 +
|-
 +
| Baroclinic atmosphere
 +
| 斜压大气
 +
|-
 +
| Baroclinic instability
 +
| 斜压不稳定
 +
|-
 +
| Baroclinic wave packets
 +
| 斜压波包
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Basic oxygen process
 
| Basic oxygen process
 
| 碱性氧气吹炼法
 
| 碱性氧气吹炼法
 +
|-
 +
| Beaufort Gyre
 +
| 波弗特流涡
 +
|-
 +
| Bent back occlusion
 +
| 弯回闭塞
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Best available control technology (BACT)
 
| Best available control technology (BACT)
 
| 最佳可用控制技术
 
| 最佳可用控制技术
 +
|-
 +
| Bicarbonate
 +
| 碳酸氢盐
 +
|-
 +
| Billow clouds
 +
| 波状云
 +
|-
 +
| Biogeochemical cycles
 +
| 生物地球化学循环
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Biological oxidation (biofiltration)
 
| Biological oxidation (biofiltration)
 
| 生物氧化
 
| 生物氧化
 +
|-
 +
| Biomass burning
 +
| 生物质燃烧
 +
|-
 +
| Biomes
 +
| 生物群落
 +
|-
 +
| Biosphere
 +
| 生物圈
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Black carbon (BC)
 
| Black carbon (BC)
Line 72: Line 216:
 
| Blackbody
 
| Blackbody
 
| 黑体
 
| 黑体
 +
|-
 +
| Boiling point
 +
| 沸点
 +
|-
 +
| Bottom water
 +
| 底层水
 +
|-
 +
| Boundary layer turbulence
 +
| 边界层湍流
 +
|-
 +
| Bounded weak echo region (BWER)
 +
| 有界弱回波区
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Breakthrough performance
 
| Breakthrough performance
 
| 穿透性
 
| 穿透性
 +
|-
 +
| Brine rejection
 +
| 盐析作用
 +
|-
 +
| Bromine
 +
| 溴
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Brownian motion
 
| Brownian motion
 
| 布朗运动
 
| 布朗运动
 +
|-
 +
| Bulk aerodynamic formula
 +
| 体积气动公式
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Butanes
 
| Butanes
Line 89: Line 254:
 
! C
 
! C
 
!  
 
!  
 +
|-
 +
| Calcium
 +
| 钙
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Carbon capture and storage (CCS)
 
| Carbon capture and storage (CCS)
 
| 碳捕捉与储存
 
| 碳捕捉与储存
 +
|-
 +
| Carbon cycle
 +
| 碳循环
 +
|-
 +
| Carbon dioxide (CO2)
 +
| 二氧化碳
 +
|-
 +
| Carbon disulfide (CS2)
 +
| 二硫化碳
 +
|-
 +
| Carbon monoxide (CO)
 +
| 一氧化碳
 +
|-
 +
| Carbonate–silicate cycle
 +
| 碳酸盐 - 硅酸盐循环
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Carbonic acid
 
| Carbonic acid
 
| 碳酸
 
| 碳酸
 +
|-
 +
| Carbonyl sulfide (COS)
 +
| 硫化羰
 +
|-
 +
| Carnot cycle
 +
| 卡诺循环
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Catalyst
 
| Catalyst
Line 107: Line 296:
 
| Centrifugal separators
 
| Centrifugal separators
 
| 离心沉降
 
| 离心沉降
 +
|-
 +
| Chaotic nonlinear systems
 +
| 混沌非线性系统
 +
|-
 +
| Charged particles
 +
| 带电粒子
 +
|-
 +
| Chlorine
 +
| 氯
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Chlorofluorocarbons  
 
| Chlorofluorocarbons  
 
| 氟氯烃
 
| 氟氯烃
 +
|-
 +
| Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
 +
| 含氯氟烃
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Clausius-Clapyron equation  
 
| Clausius-Clapyron equation  
 
| 克劳修斯-克拉佩龙方程
 
| 克劳修斯-克拉佩龙方程
 +
|-
 +
| Closed system
 +
| 封闭系统
 +
|-
 +
| Cloud condensation nuclei (CCN)
 +
| 云凝结核
 +
|-
 +
| Cloud microphysics
 +
| 云微物理学
 +
|-
 +
| Cloud-topped boundary layer
 +
| 云顶边界层
 +
|-
 +
| Coagulation
 +
| 凝固
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Coal-fired IC engine
 
| Coal-fired IC engine
Line 119: Line 335:
 
| Coal-fired power plants
 
| Coal-fired power plants
 
| 燃煤发电厂
 
| 燃煤发电厂
 +
|-
 +
| Cold fronts
 +
| 冷锋
 +
|-
 +
| Color temperature
 +
| 色温
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Co-flow scrubbers
 
| Co-flow scrubbers
Line 128: Line 350:
 
| Compression ratio
 
| Compression ratio
 
| 压缩比
 
| 压缩比
 +
|-
 +
| Condensation
 +
| 凝结
 +
|-
 +
| Conditional instability
 +
| 条件不稳定性
 +
|-
 +
| Confluence
 +
| 汇流
 +
|-
 +
| Conservation of energy
 +
| 能量守恒
 +
|-
 +
| Conservation of mass
 +
| 质量守恒
 +
|-
 +
| Conservation of vorticity
 +
| 涡旋强度守恒
 +
|-
 +
| Constant pressure process
 +
| 等压过程
 +
|-
 +
| Continental drift
 +
| 大陆漂移
 +
|-
 +
| Continuity equation
 +
| 连续性方程
 +
|-
 +
| Convective available potential energy(CAPE)
 +
| 对流可用位能
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Convective boundary layer (CBL)
 
| Convective boundary layer (CBL)
 
| 对流层边界
 
| 对流层边界
 +
|-
 +
| Convective inhibition (CIN)
 +
| 对流抑制能
 +
|-
 +
| Cooling to space approximation
 +
| 空间冷却近似
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Coriolis force
 
| Coriolis force
 
| 柯氏力，又称地转偏向力
 
| 柯氏力，又称地转偏向力
 +
|-
 +
| Correlation coefficient
 +
| 相关系数
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Cost-benefit
 
| Cost-benefit
Line 140: Line 401:
 
| Creeping flow
 
| Creeping flow
 
| 蠕变流
 
| 蠕变流
 +
|-
 +
| Cretaceous epoch
 +
| 白垩纪
 +
|-
 +
| Crust
 +
| 地壳
 +
|-
 +
| Cryosphere
 +
| 冰冻圈
 +
|-
 +
| Cumulus clouds
 +
| 积云
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Cunningham correction factor
 
| Cunningham correction factor
Line 146: Line 419:
 
| Cut diameter
 
| Cut diameter
 
| 分割直径
 
| 分割直径
 +
|-
 +
| Cyano-bacteria
 +
| 蓝藻
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Cyclone separator
 
| Cyclone separator
Line 160: Line 436:
 
! D
 
! D
 
!  
 
!  
 +
|-
 +
| Dalton’s law
 +
| 道尔顿定律
 +
|-
 +
| Dart leaders
 +
| 激射导流
 +
|-
 +
| Data assimilation
 +
| 资料同化
 +
|-
 +
| Davenport classification
 +
| 达文波特分类
 +
|-
 +
| Deep convection
 +
| 深对流
 +
|-
 +
| Deep water masses
 +
| 深层水团
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Deficit
 
| Deficit
 
| 亏缺，不足
 
| 亏缺，不足
 +
|-
 +
| Deformation
 +
| 形变
 +
|-
 +
| Denitrification
 +
| 脱氮;反硝化作用
 
|-
 
|-
 
| De-NO<SUB>x</SUB>
 
| De-NO<SUB>x</SUB>
 
| 脱氮催化剂
 
| 脱氮催化剂
 +
|-
 +
| Depletion of ozone
 +
| 臭氧层损耗
 +
|-
 +
| Deposition nuclei
 +
| 沉积核
 +
|-
 +
| Desertification
 +
| 沙漠化
 +
|-
 +
| Deterministic prediction
 +
| 确定性预报
 +
|-
 +
| Deuterium
 +
| 氘；[核] 重氢
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Deutsch-Anderson equation
 
| Deutsch-Anderson equation
Line 172: Line 487:
 
| Diesel engine
 
| Diesel engine
 
| 柴油发动机
 
| 柴油发动机
 +
|-
 +
| Diffraction
 +
| 衍射
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Diffusion
 
| Diffusion
Line 178: Line 496:
 
| Diffusion model
 
| Diffusion model
 
| 扩散模式
 
| 扩散模式
 +
|-
 +
| Diurnal
 +
| 日内（尺度）的
 +
|-
 +
| Dobson spectrophotometer
 +
| 多布森光谱仪
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Dosage
 
| Dosage
Line 184: Line 508:
 
| Dose-response curve
 
| Dose-response curve
 
| 剂量反应曲线
 
| 剂量反应曲线
 +
|-
 +
| Downdrafts
 +
| 下沉气流
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Downstream pollution control device  
 
| Downstream pollution control device  
 
| 下游污染控制装置
 
| 下游污染控制装置
 +
|-
 +
| Drag coefficient
 +
| 阻力系数
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Dry adiabatic lapse rate
 
| Dry adiabatic lapse rate
 
| 干绝热减温率
 
| 干绝热减温率
 +
|-
 +
| Dry deposition
 +
| 干沉降
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Dust
 
| Dust
 
| 粉尘
 
| 粉尘
 +
|-
 +
| Dust bowl
 +
| 风沙侵蚀区
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
Line 203: Line 539:
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Eddy diffusivity
 
| Eddy diffusivity
−
| 湍流扩散系数
+
| 涡流扩散系数
 +
|-
 +
| Effective emission temperature
 +
| 有效排放温度
 +
|-
 +
| Effective turbulent flux
 +
| 有效湍流通量
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Efficiency, penetration, nines of control device
 
| Efficiency, penetration, nines of control device
 
| 控制设备的效率、通过率与九数
 
| 控制设备的效率、通过率与九数
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Ethanol
+
| Ekman drift
−
| 乙醇
+
| 埃克曼漂移
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Ethylene glycol coolant
+
| El Niño
−
| 乙二醇冷却剂
+
| 厄尔尼诺现象
 +
|-
 +
| Elemental carbon (EC)
 +
| 元素碳气溶胶
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Electrostatic precipitator (ESP)
 
| Electrostatic precipitator (ESP)
 
| 电除尘器
 
| 电除尘器
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Elemental carbon (EC)
+
| Electromagnetic radiation
−
| 元素碳气溶胶
+
| 电磁辐射
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Emission factors
 
| Emission factors
 
| 排放因子
 
| 排放因子
 +
|-
 +
| Emissivity
 +
| 发射率;辐射系数
 +
|-
 +
| ENSO（El Niño-Southern Oscillation)
 +
| 厄尔尼诺-南方涛动
 +
|-
 +
| Enthalpy
 +
| 焓（热力学函数）
 +
|-
 +
| Entropy
 +
| 熵（热力学函数）
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
 
| Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
 
| 环境保护署
 
| 环境保护署
 +
|-
 +
| Equation of state for ideal gas
 +
| 理想气体状态方程
 +
|-
 +
| Ethanol
 +
| 乙醇
 +
|-
 +
| Ethene
 +
| 乙烯
 +
|-
 +
| Ethylene glycol coolant
 +
| 乙二醇冷却剂
 +
|-
 +
| Evaporation
 +
| 蒸发
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Evaporative emission
 
| Evaporative emission
Line 231: Line 603:
 
| Evaporative loss
 
| Evaporative loss
 
| 蒸发损失
 
| 蒸发损失
 +
|-
 +
| Evolution of Earth system
 +
| 地球系统演化
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR)
 
| Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR)
Line 237: Line 612:
 
| External combustion engine
 
| External combustion engine
 
| 外燃机
 
| 外燃机
 +
|-
 +
| Extratropical cyclones
 +
| 温带气旋
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
Line 245: Line 623:
 
! F
 
! F
 
!  
 
!  
 +
|-
 +
| Ferric oxide
 +
| 氧化铁
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Fick's law of diffusion
 
| Fick's law of diffusion
Line 260: Line 641:
 
| Fine particles
 
| Fine particles
 
| 细颗粒物，一般指PM<sub>2.5</sub>
 
| 细颗粒物，一般指PM<sub>2.5</sub>
 +
|-
 +
| First latent heat
 +
| 第一潜热
 +
|-
 +
| Fixed nitrogen
 +
| 固定氮
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Flame quenching
 
| Flame quenching
Line 272: Line 659:
 
| Flue gas recirculation (FGR)
 
| Flue gas recirculation (FGR)
 
| 烟气循环
 
| 烟气循环
 +
|-
 +
| Formaldehyde
 +
| 甲醛
 +
|-
 +
| Freezing nuclei
 +
| 凝固核
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Freons
 
| Freons
 
| 氟氯昂
 
| 氟氯昂
 +
|-
 +
| Friction
 +
| 摩擦力
 +
|-
 +
| Frontal inversion
 +
| 锋面逆温
 +
|-
 +
| Frost point
 +
| 霜点
 +
|-
 +
| Fusion
 +
| 熔化
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
Line 283: Line 688:
 
! G
 
! G
 
!  
 
!  
 +
|-
 +
| Gas constant (R)
 +
| 气体常数
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Gas-fired power plant
 
| Gas-fired power plant
Line 295: Line 703:
 
| Gaussian plume equation
 
| Gaussian plume equation
 
| 高斯扩散方程
 
| 高斯扩散方程
 +
|-
 +
| Geochemical cycles
 +
| 地球化学循环
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Geometric standard deviation
 
| Geometric standard deviation
 
| 几何标准差，又称对数标准差
 
| 几何标准差，又称对数标准差
 +
|-
 +
| Gibbs free energy
 +
| 吉布斯自由能
 +
|-
 +
| Glacial epochs
 +
| 冰川时代
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Gravity settler
 
| Gravity settler
Line 315: Line 732:
 
! H
 
! H
 
!  
 
!  
 +
|-
 +
| Halocline
 +
| 盐跃层
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Hazardous air pollutants (HAP)
 
| Hazardous air pollutants (HAP)
Line 324: Line 744:
 
| Headspace
 
| Headspace
 
| 顶空
 
| 顶空
 +
|-
 +
| Heat engine
 +
| 热机
 +
|-
 +
| Heat island effect
 +
| 热岛效应
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Heat of combustion
 
| Heat of combustion
Line 330: Line 756:
 
| Heat transfer coefficient
 
| Heat transfer coefficient
 
| 传热系数
 
| 传热系数
 +
|-
 +
| Helium
 +
| 氦
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Henry's law
 
| Henry's law
Line 336: Line 765:
 
| High-Efficiency Particulate Air (filters), HEPA
 
| High-Efficiency Particulate Air (filters), HEPA
 
| 高效空气过滤器
 
| 高效空气过滤器
 +
|-
 +
| High pressure center
 +
| 高压中心
 +
|-
 +
| Homogeneous chemical reactions
 +
| 均相化学反应
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Honeycomb monolith-type catalytic converter
 
| Honeycomb monolith-type catalytic converter
Line 342: Line 777:
 
| Honeycomb-type flow straightener
 
| Honeycomb-type flow straightener
 
| 蜂窝式整流器
 
| 蜂窝式整流器
 +
|-
 +
| Horizontal pressure gradient
 +
| 水平压力梯度
 +
|-
 +
| Humidity
 +
| 湿度
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Hydrocarbon (HC)
 
| Hydrocarbon (HC)
 
| 碳氢化合物，烃
 
| 碳氢化合物，烃
 +
|-
 +
| Hydrofluorocarbons
 +
| 氢氟烃
 +
|-
 +
| Hydrogen
 +
| 氢
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Hydroclone
 
| Hydroclone
 
| 旋液分离器，指利用离心力将固体与液体分开
 
| 旋液分离器，指利用离心力将固体与液体分开
 +
|-
 +
| Hydrogen chloride
 +
| 氯化氢
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Hydrogen sulfide
 
| Hydrogen sulfide
 
| 硫化氢
 
| 硫化氢
 +
|-
 +
| Hydrologic cycle
 +
| 水循环
 +
|-
 +
| Hydroperoxly radical
 +
| 过氧自由基
 +
|-
 +
| Hydrosphere
 +
| 水圈
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Hydrostatic equation
 
| Hydrostatic equation
 
|（流体）静力平衡公式
 
|（流体）静力平衡公式
 +
|-
 +
| Hydroxyl radical
 +
| 羟基
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
Line 363: Line 825:
 
!  
 
!  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Impaction and interception
+
| Ice cores
−
|碰撞和拦截
+
| 冰芯
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Incinerator
+
| Icebergs
−
|燃烧
+
| 冰山
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Internal combustion (IC) engine
+
| Icelandic low
−
|内燃机
+
| 冰岛低压
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Interstitial velocity
+
| Ice nuclei
−
|孔隙速度，指的是过滤器孔隙内的速度，区别于表面速度
+
| 冰核
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Isentropic process
+
| Incinerator
−
|等熵过程
+
| 燃烧
 +
|-
 +
| Infrared satellite imagery
 +
| 红外线卫星影像
 +
|-
 +
| Instability
 +
| 不稳定性
 +
|-
 +
| Internal combustion (IC) engine
 +
| 内燃机
 +
|-
 +
| Interannual
 +
| 年际（尺度）的
 +
|-
 +
| Interannual variability
 +
| 年际变率
 +
|-
 +
| Interdecadal
 +
| 年代际（尺度）的
 +
|-
 +
| Interglacial epochs
 +
| 间冰期
 +
|-
 +
| Interstitial velocity
 +
| 孔隙速度，指的是过滤器孔隙内的速度，区别于表面速度
 +
|-
 +
| Intertropical convergence zone
 +
| 热带辐合区
 +
|-
 +
| Intraseasonal
 +
| 季节内（尺度）的
 +
|-
 +
| Inverse square law
 +
| 平方反比定律
 +
|-
 +
| Ionosphere
 +
| 电离层
 +
|-
 +
| Impaction and interception
 +
| 碰撞和拦截
 +
|-
 +
| Irreversible transformation
 +
| 不可逆变换
 +
|-
 +
| Isentropic potential vorticity (PV)
 +
| 等熵势涡度
 +
|-
 +
| Isentropic process
 +
| 等熵过程
 +
|-
 +
| Isobar
 +
| 等压线
 +
|-
 +
| Isobaric process
 +
| 等压过程
 +
|-
 +
| Isokinetic sampling
 +
| 等速采样
 +
|-
 +
| Isoprene
 +
| 异戊二烯
 +
|-
 +
| Isothermal transformations
 +
| 等温转换
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Isokinetic sampling
+
| Isotope
−
|等速采样
+
| 同位素
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
Line 389: Line 914:
 
!  
 
!  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  
+
| January thaw
−
|
+
| 一月暖期
 
|-
 
|-
 +
| Japan current
 +
| 日本海流；黑潮
 +
|-
 +
| Joule’s law
 +
| 焦耳定律
 +
|-
 +
| Juvenile water
 +
| 幼生水；岩浆水 
 +
|- 
 
|}
 
|}
  
Line 399: Line 933:
 
! K
 
! K
 
!  
 
!  
 +
|-
 +
| Katabatic wind
 +
| 下坡风
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Kinetic equation
 
| Kinetic equation
 
| 动力学方程
 
| 动力学方程
 +
|-
 +
| Kinetic theory of gases
 +
| 气体分子运动论
 +
|-
 +
| Kirchhoff’s law
 +
| 基尔霍夫定律
 +
|-
 +
| Krypton
 +
| 氪
 
|-
 
|-
 
| K-theory
 
| K-theory
 
| K理论
 
| K理论
 +
|-
 +
| Kuroshio current
 +
| 黑潮
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
Line 414: Line 963:
 
!  
 
!  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Lowest achievable emission rate (LAER)
+
| La Niña
−
| 最低可达排放率
+
| 拉尼娜现象
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Lagrangian view
 
| Lagrangian view
 
| 拉格朗日观点
 
| 拉格朗日观点
 +
|-
 +
| Land breeze
 +
| 陆风（即陆地吹向海上的风）
 +
|-
 +
| Latent heat
 +
| 潜热
 +
|-
 +
| Lightning rod
 +
| 避雷针
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Light scattering, theory of
 
| Light scattering, theory of
Line 428: Line 986:
 
| Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)
 
| Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)
 
| 液化石油气
 
| 液化石油气
 +
|-
 +
| Liquid water content (LWC)
 +
| 液态水含量
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Logarithmic standard deviations
 
| Logarithmic standard deviations
Line 434: Line 995:
 
| Log-normal distribution
 
| Log-normal distribution
 
| 对数正态分布
 
| 对数正态分布
 +
|-
 +
| London smog
 +
| 伦敦型雾霾
 +
|-
 +
| Longwave radiation
 +
| 长波辐射
 +
|-
 +
| Lorenz attractor
 +
| 洛伦茨吸引子
 +
|-
 +
| Los Angeles smog
 +
| 洛杉矶型雾霾
 +
|-
 +
| Low pressure center
 +
| 低压中心
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Lower explosive limit (LEL)
 
| Lower explosive limit (LEL)
 
| 爆炸极限下限
 
| 爆炸极限下限
 +
|-
 +
| Lowest achievable emission rate (LAER)
 +
| 最低可达排放率
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Low-nitrogen-content fuel like methane
 
| Low-nitrogen-content fuel like methane
Line 451: Line 1,030:
 
! M
 
! M
 
!  
 
!  
 +
|-
 +
| Mantle
 +
| 地幔
 +
|-
 +
| Marine biosphere
 +
| 海洋生物圈
 +
|-
 +
| Marine boundary layer
 +
| 海洋边界层
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Maximum daily 8-h average (MDA8)
 
| Maximum daily 8-h average (MDA8)
 
| 日最大8小时平均（浓度）
 
| 日最大8小时平均（浓度）
 +
|-
 +
| Mean free path of air molecules
 +
| 空气分子平均自由程
 +
|-
 +
| Meridional velocity
 +
| 轴面速度
 +
|-
 +
| Mesocyclone
 +
| 中气旋
 +
|-
 +
| Mesolow
 +
| 中低压
 +
|-
 +
| Mesoscale convective systems
 +
| 中尺度对流系统
 +
|-
 +
| Mesosphere
 +
| 中间层
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Methane
 
| Methane
Line 460: Line 1,066:
 
| Methanol
 
| Methanol
 
| 甲醇
 
| 甲醇
 +
|-
 +
| Methyl bromide
 +
| 甲基溴；溴化甲烷
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Methyl chloride
 
| Methyl chloride
 
| 甲基氯
 
| 甲基氯
 +
|-
 +
| Methyl radical (CH3)
 +
| 甲基
 +
|-
 +
| Microscale motions
 +
| 微尺度运动
 +
|-
 +
| Microwave radiation
 +
| 微波辐射
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Mixing height
 
| Mixing height
Line 475: Line 1,093:
 
| Montreal Protocol
 
| Montreal Protocol
 
| 蒙特利尔议定书
 
| 蒙特利尔议定书
 +
|-
 +
| Multidecadal
 +
| 多年代纪（尺度）的
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
Line 489: Line 1,110:
 
| Natural gas
 
| Natural gas
 
| 天然气
 
| 天然气
 +
|-
 +
| Neon (Ne)
 +
| 氖
 +
|-
 +
| Net radiation
 +
| 净辐射
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Nitrate
 
| Nitrate
Line 521: Line 1,148:
 
! O
 
! O
 
!  
 
!  
 +
|-
 +
| Oasis effect
 +
| 绿洲效应
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
 
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
Line 536: Line 1,166:
 
| Organic carbon (OC)
 
| Organic carbon (OC)
 
| 有机碳气溶胶
 
| 有机碳气溶胶
 +
|-
 +
| Organic carbon reservoir
 +
| 有机碳储层
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Oxidation
 
| Oxidation
Line 559: Line 1,192:
 
! P
 
! P
 
!  
 
!  
 +
|-
 +
| Pangaea
 +
| 盘古;原始大陆
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Paraffins  
 
| Paraffins  
Line 568: Line 1,204:
 
| Particulate matter (PM)  
 
| Particulate matter (PM)  
 
| 颗粒物
 
| 颗粒物
 +
|-
 +
| Pascal
 +
| 帕斯卡（标准压强单位）
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Penetration
 
| Penetration
Line 574: Line 1,213:
 
| Pentanes
 
| Pentanes
 
| 戊烷
 
| 戊烷
 +
|-
 +
| Perfect gas
 +
| 理想气体
 +
|-
 +
| Permafrost
 +
| 永久冻土
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Peroxyacetylnitrate
 
| Peroxyacetylnitrate
Line 580: Line 1,225:
 
| Persistent organic pollutants (POPs)
 
| Persistent organic pollutants (POPs)
 
| 持久性有机污染物
 
| 持久性有机污染物
 +
|-
 +
| Photochemical reactions
 +
| 光化学反应
 +
|-
 +
| Photochemical smog
 +
| 光化学烟雾
 +
|-
 +
| Photodissociation
 +
| 光离解
 +
|-
 +
| Photosynthesis
 +
| 光合作用
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Physical stack height
 
| Physical stack height
 
| 烟囱的几何高度
 
| 烟囱的几何高度
 +
|-
 +
| Phytoplankton
 +
| 浮游植物
 +
|-
 +
| Plane-parallel approximation
 +
| 平面平行近似
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Planetary boundary layer (PBL)
 
| Planetary boundary layer (PBL)
 
| 大气边界层
 
| 大气边界层
 +
|-
 +
| Plate tectonics
 +
| 板块构造学
 
|-
 
|-
 
| PM<SUB>10</SUB>
 
| PM<SUB>10</SUB>
−
| 空气中空气动力学当量直径小于等于10微米的颗粒物，也称可吸入颗粒物
+
| 空气中空气动力学当量直径小于等于10微米的颗粒物（可吸入颗粒物）
 
|-
 
|-
 
| PM<SUB>2.5</SUB>
 
| PM<SUB>2.5</SUB>
−
| 空气中空气动力学当量直径小于等于2.5微米的颗粒物，也称细颗粒物
+
| 空气中空气动力学当量直径小于等于2.5微米的颗粒物（细颗粒物）
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Point sources
 
| Point sources
 
| 点源
 
| 点源
 +
|-
 +
| Polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs)
 +
| 极地平流层云
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)
 
| Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)
 
| 多环芳烃
 
| 多环芳烃
 +
|-
 +
| Potential temperature
 +
| 位温
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Precipitation
 
| Precipitation
−
| 降雨
+
| 降水
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Pressure drop
 
| Pressure drop
Line 624: Line 1,296:
 
! Q
 
! Q
 
!  
 
!  
 +
|-
 +
| Quantity of radiant energy
 +
| 辐射能量
 +
|-
 +
| Quasi-barotropic fluid
 +
| 准正压流体
 +
|-
 +
| Quaternary period
 +
| 第四纪
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Quenching
 
| Quenching
Line 635: Line 1,316:
 
! R
 
! R
 
!  
 
!  
 +
|-
 +
| Radiative-convective equilibrium
 +
| 辐射对流平衡
 +
|-
 +
| Radiative relaxation time
 +
| 辐射弛豫时间
 +
|-
 +
| Radio acoustic sounding system (RASS)
 +
| 无线电声学探测系统
 +
|-
 +
| Radio  Detection and Ranging (RADAR)
 +
| 雷达（无线电探测和测距）
 +
|-
 +
| Raman scattering
 +
| 拉曼散射
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Raoult's law
 
| Raoult's law
Line 644: Line 1,340:
 
| Rayleigh scattering
 
| Rayleigh scattering
 
| 瑞利散射
 
| 瑞利散射
 +
|-
 +
| Reasonably available control technology (RACT)
 +
| 合理可得的控制技术
 +
|-
 +
| Reburning
 +
| 再燃
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Receptor-oriented  
 
| Receptor-oriented  
 
| 受体导向
 
| 受体导向
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Receptor-oriented air pollution
+
| Relative humidity (RH)
−
| 受体导向的空气污染
+
| 相对湿度
 +
|-
 +
| Remote sensing
 +
| 遥感
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Respirable suspended particles (RSP)
 
| Respirable suspended particles (RSP)
 
| 可吸入颗粒物，一般指PM<SUB>10</SUB>
 
| 可吸入颗粒物，一般指PM<SUB>10</SUB>
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Reasonably available control technology (RACT)
+
| Reversibility
−
| 合理可得的控制技术
+
| 可逆性
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Reburning
+
| Riming
−
| 再燃
+
| 淞化过程
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Relative humidity (RH)
+
| Roughness of land surface
−
| 相对湿度
+
| 地表粗糙度
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
Line 670: Line 1,375:
 
! S
 
! S
 
!  
 
!  
 +
|-
 +
| Salinity
 +
| 盐度
 +
|-
 +
| Satellite imagery
 +
| 卫星影像
 +
|-
 +
| Saturated adiabatic lapse rate
 +
| 饱和绝热递减率
 +
|-
 +
| Saturation vapor pressure
 +
| 饱和蒸气压
 +
|-
 +
| Scatterometer
 +
| 散射仪
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Scrubbers
 
| Scrubbers
 
| 湿式除尘器
 
| 湿式除尘器
 +
|-
 +
| Sea breeze
 +
| 海风
 +
|-
 +
| Seasonal
 +
| 季节（尺度）的
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Secondary
 
| Secondary
−
| 二次性的、次生的
+
| 二次性的；次生的
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Secondary inorganic aerosols (SIA)  
 
| Secondary inorganic aerosols (SIA)  
Line 685: Line 1,411:
 
| Secondary pollutants
 
| Secondary pollutants
 
| 二次污染物
 
| 二次污染物
−
|-
 
−
| Settling velocity
 
−
| 沉降速度
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Selective catalytic reduction (SCR)
 
| Selective catalytic reduction (SCR)
Line 694: Line 1,417:
 
| Selective non-catalytic reduction (SCR)
 
| Selective non-catalytic reduction (SCR)
 
| 选择性非催化还原
 
| 选择性非催化还原
 +
|-
 +
| Settling velocity
 +
| 沉降速度
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Shake-deflat filter
 
| Shake-deflat filter
 
| 机械振动袋式除尘器
 
| 机械振动袋式除尘器
 +
|-
 +
| Shallow convection
 +
| 浅对流
 +
|-
 +
| Shortwave radiation
 +
| 短波辐射
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Size distribution functions
 
| Size distribution functions
Line 703: Line 1,435:
 
| Smog
 
| Smog
 
| 烟雾
 
| 烟雾
 +
|-
 +
| Solubility
 +
| 可溶性
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Source apportionment
 
| Source apportionment
Line 710: Line 1,445:
 
| 源导向
 
| 源导向
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Source-oriented air pollution
+
| South equatorial current
−
| 源导向空气污染
+
| 南赤道海流
 +
|-
 +
| Southern Oscillation
 +
| 南方涛动
 +
|-
 +
| Spherical harmonics
 +
| 球函数
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Stagnation
 
| Stagnation
Line 718: Line 1,459:
 
| Standard atmosphere
 
| Standard atmosphere
 
| 标准大气
 
| 标准大气
 +
|-
 +
| Standard deviation
 +
| 标准偏差
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Stefan-Boltzmann constant
 
| Stefan-Boltzmann constant
Line 724: Line 1,468:
 
| Stokes' law
 
| Stokes' law
 
| 斯托克斯定律
 
| 斯托克斯定律
 +
|-
 +
| Storm track
 +
| 风暴路径
 +
|-
 +
| Stratocumulus
 +
| 层积云
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Stratosphere
 
| Stratosphere
Line 733: Line 1,483:
 
| Stratospheric ozone layer
 
| Stratospheric ozone layer
 
| 平流层臭氧层
 
| 平流层臭氧层
 +
|-
 +
| Sublimation
 +
| 升华
 +
|-
 +
| Subtropical anticyclones
 +
| 副热带高压
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Sulfate
 
| Sulfate
Line 739: Line 1,495:
 
| Sulfur dioxide
 
| Sulfur dioxide
 
| 二氧化硫
 
| 二氧化硫
 +
|-
 +
| Sulfur oxides
 +
| 硫氧化物
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Sulfuric acid
 
| Sulfuric acid
 
| 硫酸
 
| 硫酸
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Sulfur oxides
+
| Sunspots
−
| 硫氧化物
+
| 太阳黑子
 +
|-
 +
| Supersaturation
 +
| 过饱和
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Surface filters
 
| Surface filters
 
| 表面过滤器
 
| 表面过滤器
 +
|-
 +
| Surface tension
 +
| 表面张力
 +
|-
 +
| Synoptic scale motions
 +
| 天气尺度运动
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
Line 756: Line 1,524:
 
! T
 
! T
 
!  
 
!  
 +
|-
 +
| Tail cloud
 +
| 尾云
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Tailpipe emissions
 
| Tailpipe emissions
Line 768: Line 1,539:
 
| Temperature inversion
 
| Temperature inversion
 
| 逆温
 
| 逆温
 +
|-
 +
| Tephigram
 +
| 温熵图
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Terminal gravitational settling  
 
| Terminal gravitational settling  
Line 774: Line 1,548:
 
| Terminal settling velocity
 
| Terminal settling velocity
 
| 末端沉降速度
 
| 末端沉降速度
 +
|-
 +
| Thermocline
 +
| 温跃层
 +
|-
 +
| Thermodynamics
 +
| 热力学
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Three-way catalysts
 
| Three-way catalysts
Line 780: Line 1,560:
 
| Threshold limit values (TLVs)
 
| Threshold limit values (TLVs)
 
| 阈值
 
| 阈值
 +
|-
 +
| Thunderstorms
 +
| 雷暴
 +
|-
 +
| Tornadoes
 +
| 龙卷风
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Total suspended particulates (TSP)
 
| Total suspended particulates (TSP)
Line 786: Line 1,572:
 
| Tow-stage combustion
 
| Tow-stage combustion
 
| 两段燃烧，又称分段燃烧
 
| 两段燃烧，又称分段燃烧
 +
|-
 +
| Trace gases
 +
| 微量气体
 +
|-
 +
| Trade winds
 +
| 信风
 +
|-
 +
| Trajectories
 +
| 轨迹
 +
|-
 +
| Transpolar drift stream
 +
| 漂流
 +
|-
 +
| Triple point
 +
| 三相点
 +
|-
 +
| Tropical cyclones
 +
| 热带气旋
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Tropopause
 
| Tropopause
Line 792: Line 1,596:
 
| Troposphere
 
| Troposphere
 
| 对流层
 
| 对流层
 +
|-
 +
| Typhoon
 +
| 台风
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
Line 801: Line 1,608:
 
!  
 
!  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Upper explosive limit (UEL)
+
| Ultrafine particles
−
| 爆炸极限上限
+
| 超细颗粒物
 +
|-
 +
| Ultraviolet radiation
 +
| 紫外线
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Universal gas constant
 
| Universal gas constant
 
| 通用气体常数
 
| 通用气体常数
 +
|-
 +
| Unsaturated air
 +
| 未饱和空气
 +
|-
 +
| Upper explosive limit (UEL)
 +
| 爆炸极限上限
 +
|-
 +
| Urban heat island
 +
| 城市热岛效应
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
Line 814: Line 1,633:
 
! V
 
! V
 
!  
 
!  
 +
|-
 +
| Vaporization
 +
| 蒸发
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Vapor pressure
 
| Vapor pressure
Line 820: Line 1,642:
 
| Venturi scrubber
 
| Venturi scrubber
 
| 文丘里洗涤器
 
| 文丘里洗涤器
 +
|-
 +
| Venus
 +
| 金星
 +
|-
 +
| Virga
 +
| 雨幡
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
 
| Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
 
| 挥发性有机化合物
 
| 挥发性有机化合物
 +
|-
 +
| Volcanic eruptions
 +
| 火山爆发
 +
|-
 +
| Vorticity
 +
| 涡度
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
Line 831: Line 1,665:
 
! W
 
! W
 
!  
 
!  
 +
|-
 +
| Walker circulation
 +
| 沃克环流
 +
|-
 +
| Warm front
 +
| 暖锋
 +
|-
 +
| Wet and dry bulb hygrometer
 +
| 干湿球湿度计
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Wien's law for blackbody radiation
 
| Wien's law for blackbody radiation
Line 849: Line 1,692:
 
!  
 
!  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  
+
| X-ray
−
|
+
| X射线
 +
|-
 +
| Xerothermal index
 +
| 干热指数
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
Line 860: Line 1,706:
 
!  
 
!  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|  
+
| Younger Dryas event
−
|
+
| 新仙女木事件
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
Line 872: Line 1,718:
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Zeldovich thermal kinetic mechanism
 
| Zeldovich thermal kinetic mechanism
−
| 热动力学机制
+
| 泽尔多维奇热动力学机制
 +
|-
 +
| Zenith angle
 +
| 天顶角
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Zeolites
 
| Zeolites
 
| 沸石
 
| 沸石
 +
|-
 +
| Zero isotherm
 +
| 冰点等温线
 +
|-
 +
| Zodiac
 +
| 黄道
 +
|-
 +
| Zonal velocity
 +
| 纬向速度
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}

Latest revision as of 14:52, 14 February 2024

A

A
Absolute vorticity 绝对涡度
Absorption 吸收
Absorptivity 吸收率
Acetyl radical 乙酰基
Acid rain 酸雨
Adiabat 绝热线
Adiabatic lapse rate 绝热减温率
Adiabatic process 绝热过程
Adsorption 吸附
Advection 平流
Aerodynamic 空气动力学
Aerodynamic diameter 空气动力学直径
Aerosol 气溶胶
Aerosol optical depth 气溶胶光学厚度
Ageostrophic wind component 非地转风分量
Aggregation 聚合
Air quality index (AQI) 空气质量指数
Aitken nuclei 艾肯核
Albedo 反照率、反射率
Aldehydes 醛类
Aleutian low 阿留申低压
Alkane 烷烃
Alkene 烯烃
Alkyne 炔烃
Ammonia (NH3) 氨
Ammonium 铵
Anabatic winds 上坡风
Anemometers 风速计
Angular momentum 角动量
Annual 年（尺度）的
Anoxic ocean basins 缺氧海洋盆地
Antarctic bottom water (AABW) 南极底层水
Antarctic circumpolar current(ACC) 南极绕极流
Antarctic ice sheet 南极冰盖
Antarctic ozone hole 南极臭氧空洞
Anthropogenic influences 人为影响
Anthropogenic source 人为源
Anticyclonic circulation 反气旋式环流
Apparent molecular weight 表观分子量
Arctic Oscillation (AO) 北极涛动
Argon 氩
Aromatics 芳香族化合物
Aqueous-phase chemical reactions 水相化学反应
Asymmetry parameter in scattering 散射不对称参数
Atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) 大气边界层
Atmospheric dynamics 大气动力学
Atmospheric stability 大气静力稳定度
Azimuth angle 方位角

B

B
Backscatter UV (BUV) 后向散射紫外线
Baiyu front 梅雨锋（日本、韩国叫法）
Meiyu front 梅雨锋（中国叫法）
Baghouse 袋式除尘器
Baroclinic atmosphere 斜压大气
Baroclinic instability 斜压不稳定
Baroclinic wave packets 斜压波包
Basic oxygen process 碱性氧气吹炼法
Beaufort Gyre 波弗特流涡
Bent back occlusion 弯回闭塞
Best available control technology (BACT) 最佳可用控制技术
Bicarbonate 碳酸氢盐
Billow clouds 波状云
Biogeochemical cycles 生物地球化学循环
Biological oxidation (biofiltration) 生物氧化
Biomass burning 生物质燃烧
Biomes 生物群落
Biosphere 生物圈
Black carbon (BC) 黑碳气溶胶
Blackbody 黑体
Boiling point 沸点
Bottom water 底层水
Boundary layer turbulence 边界层湍流
Bounded weak echo region (BWER) 有界弱回波区
Breakthrough performance 穿透性
Brine rejection 盐析作用
Bromine 溴
Brownian motion 布朗运动
Bulk aerodynamic formula 体积气动公式
Butanes 丁烷

C

C
Calcium 钙
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) 碳捕捉与储存
Carbon cycle 碳循环
Carbon dioxide (CO2) 二氧化碳
Carbon disulfide (CS2) 二硫化碳
Carbon monoxide (CO) 一氧化碳
Carbonate–silicate cycle 碳酸盐 - 硅酸盐循环
Carbonic acid 碳酸
Carbonyl sulfide (COS) 硫化羰
Carnot cycle 卡诺循环
Catalyst 催化剂
Cap and trade 碳总量管制与贸易排放
Centrifugal force 离心力
Centrifugal separators 离心沉降
Chaotic nonlinear systems 混沌非线性系统
Charged particles 带电粒子
Chlorine 氯
Chlorofluorocarbons 氟氯烃
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) 含氯氟烃
Clausius-Clapyron equation 克劳修斯-克拉佩龙方程
Closed system 封闭系统
Cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) 云凝结核
Cloud microphysics 云微物理学
Cloud-topped boundary layer 云顶边界层
Coagulation 凝固
Coal-fired IC engine 燃煤内燃机
Coal-fired power plants 燃煤发电厂
Cold fronts 冷锋
Color temperature 色温
Co-flow scrubbers 同向流洗涤塔
Combustion 燃烧
Compression ratio 压缩比
Condensation 凝结
Conditional instability 条件不稳定性
Confluence 汇流
Conservation of energy 能量守恒
Conservation of mass 质量守恒
Conservation of vorticity 涡旋强度守恒
Constant pressure process 等压过程
Continental drift 大陆漂移
Continuity equation 连续性方程
Convective available potential energy(CAPE) 对流可用位能
Convective boundary layer (CBL) 对流层边界
Convective inhibition (CIN) 对流抑制能
Cooling to space approximation 空间冷却近似
Coriolis force 柯氏力，又称地转偏向力
Correlation coefficient 相关系数
Cost-benefit 成本收益，指用最小的代价去实现污染控制的理念
Creeping flow 蠕变流
Cretaceous epoch 白垩纪
Crust 地壳
Cryosphere 冰冻圈
Cumulus clouds 积云
Cunningham correction factor 坎宁汉校正系数
Cut diameter 分割直径
Cyano-bacteria 蓝藻
Cyclone separator 旋风除尘器
Cyclones (atmospheric) 龙卷风

D

D
Dalton’s law 道尔顿定律
Dart leaders 激射导流
Data assimilation 资料同化
Davenport classification 达文波特分类
Deep convection 深对流
Deep water masses 深层水团
Deficit 亏缺，不足
Deformation 形变
Denitrification 脱氮;反硝化作用
De-NOx 脱氮催化剂
Depletion of ozone 臭氧层损耗
Deposition nuclei 沉积核
Desertification 沙漠化
Deterministic prediction 确定性预报
Deuterium 氘；[核] 重氢
Deutsch-Anderson equation 德意希分级效率方程
Diesel engine 柴油发动机
Diffraction 衍射
Diffusion 扩散
Diffusion model 扩散模式
Diurnal 日内（尺度）的
Dobson spectrophotometer 多布森光谱仪
Dosage 剂量
Dose-response curve 剂量反应曲线
Downdrafts 下沉气流
Downstream pollution control device 下游污染控制装置
Drag coefficient 阻力系数
Dry adiabatic lapse rate 干绝热减温率
Dry deposition 干沉降
Dust 粉尘
Dust bowl 风沙侵蚀区

E

E
Eddy diffusivity 涡流扩散系数
Effective emission temperature 有效排放温度
Effective turbulent flux 有效湍流通量
Efficiency, penetration, nines of control device 控制设备的效率、通过率与九数
Ekman drift 埃克曼漂移
El Niño 厄尔尼诺现象
Elemental carbon (EC) 元素碳气溶胶
Electrostatic precipitator (ESP) 电除尘器
Electromagnetic radiation 电磁辐射
Emission factors 排放因子
Emissivity 发射率;辐射系数
ENSO（El Niño-Southern Oscillation) 厄尔尼诺-南方涛动
Enthalpy 焓（热力学函数）
Entropy 熵（热力学函数）
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 环境保护署
Equation of state for ideal gas 理想气体状态方程
Ethanol 乙醇
Ethene 乙烯
Ethylene glycol coolant 乙二醇冷却剂
Evaporation 蒸发
Evaporative emission 蒸发排放
Evaporative loss 蒸发损失
Evolution of Earth system 地球系统演化
Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) 废气再循环
External combustion engine 外燃机
Extratropical cyclones 温带气旋

F

F
Ferric oxide 氧化铁
Fick's law of diffusion 菲克扩散定律
Filter cake 滤饼
Filter media 过滤材质，指袋式除尘器的滤袋材质
Filter medium 过滤介质
Fine particles 细颗粒物，一般指PM2.5
First latent heat 第一潜热
Fixed nitrogen 固定氮
Flame quenching 火焰冷激
Flame temperature 火焰温度
Flue gas desulfurization (FGD) 烟气脱硫
Flue gas recirculation (FGR) 烟气循环
Formaldehyde 甲醛
Freezing nuclei 凝固核
Freons 氟氯昂
Friction 摩擦力
Frontal inversion 锋面逆温
Frost point 霜点
Fusion 熔化

G

G
Gas constant (R) 气体常数
Gas-fired power plant 燃气发电厂
Gasoline 汽油
Gaussian or normal distribution 高斯分布/正态分布
Gaussian plume equation 高斯扩散方程
Geochemical cycles 地球化学循环
Geometric standard deviation 几何标准差，又称对数标准差
Gibbs free energy 吉布斯自由能
Glacial epochs 冰川时代
Gravity settler 重力沉降室
Greenhouse effect 温室效应
Greenhouse gases (GHGs) 温室气体

H

H
Halocline 盐跃层
Hazardous air pollutants (HAP) 空气有毒物质
Hazardous waste 危险废物
Headspace 顶空
Heat engine 热机
Heat island effect 热岛效应
Heat of combustion 热值
Heat transfer coefficient 传热系数
Helium 氦
Henry's law 亨利定律
High-Efficiency Particulate Air (filters), HEPA 高效空气过滤器
High pressure center 高压中心
Homogeneous chemical reactions 均相化学反应
Honeycomb monolith-type catalytic converter 整体式蜂窝催化转化器
Honeycomb-type flow straightener 蜂窝式整流器
Horizontal pressure gradient 水平压力梯度
Humidity 湿度
Hydrocarbon (HC) 碳氢化合物，烃
Hydrofluorocarbons 氢氟烃
Hydrogen 氢
Hydroclone 旋液分离器，指利用离心力将固体与液体分开
Hydrogen chloride 氯化氢
Hydrogen sulfide 硫化氢
Hydrologic cycle 水循环
Hydroperoxly radical 过氧自由基
Hydrosphere 水圈
Hydrostatic equation （流体）静力平衡公式
Hydroxyl radical 羟基

I

I
Ice cores 冰芯
Icebergs 冰山
Icelandic low 冰岛低压
Ice nuclei 冰核
Incinerator 燃烧
Infrared satellite imagery 红外线卫星影像
Instability 不稳定性
Internal combustion (IC) engine 内燃机
Interannual 年际（尺度）的
Interannual variability 年际变率
Interdecadal 年代际（尺度）的
Interglacial epochs 间冰期
Interstitial velocity 孔隙速度，指的是过滤器孔隙内的速度，区别于表面速度
Intertropical convergence zone 热带辐合区
Intraseasonal 季节内（尺度）的
Inverse square law 平方反比定律
Ionosphere 电离层
Impaction and interception 碰撞和拦截
Irreversible transformation 不可逆变换
Isentropic potential vorticity (PV) 等熵势涡度
Isentropic process 等熵过程
Isobar 等压线
Isobaric process 等压过程
Isokinetic sampling 等速采样
Isoprene 异戊二烯
Isothermal transformations 等温转换
Isotope 同位素

J

J
January thaw 一月暖期
Japan current 日本海流；黑潮
Joule’s law 焦耳定律
Juvenile water 幼生水；岩浆水

K

K
Katabatic wind 下坡风
Kinetic equation 动力学方程
Kinetic theory of gases 气体分子运动论
Kirchhoff’s law 基尔霍夫定律
Krypton 氪
K-theory K理论
Kuroshio current 黑潮

L

L
La Niña 拉尼娜现象
Lagrangian view 拉格朗日观点
Land breeze 陆风（即陆地吹向海上的风）
Latent heat 潜热
Lightning rod 避雷针
Light scattering, theory of 光散射理论
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) 液化天然气
Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) 液化石油气
Liquid water content (LWC) 液态水含量
Logarithmic standard deviations 对数标准差，又称几何标准差
Log-normal distribution 对数正态分布
London smog 伦敦型雾霾
Longwave radiation 长波辐射
Lorenz attractor 洛伦茨吸引子
Los Angeles smog 洛杉矶型雾霾
Low pressure center 低压中心
Lower explosive limit (LEL) 爆炸极限下限
Lowest achievable emission rate (LAER) 最低可达排放率
Low-nitrogen-content fuel like methane 像甲烷这样的低氮燃料
Low-octane-number hydrocarbon 低辛烷值的碳氢化合物

M

M
Mantle 地幔
Marine biosphere 海洋生物圈
Marine boundary layer 海洋边界层
Maximum daily 8-h average (MDA8) 日最大8小时平均（浓度）
Mean free path of air molecules 空气分子平均自由程
Meridional velocity 轴面速度
Mesocyclone 中气旋
Mesolow 中低压
Mesoscale convective systems 中尺度对流系统
Mesosphere 中间层
Methane 甲烷
Methanol 甲醇
Methyl bromide 甲基溴；溴化甲烷
Methyl chloride 甲基氯
Methyl radical (CH3) 甲基
Microscale motions 微尺度运动
Microwave radiation 微波辐射
Mixing height 混合层高度
Mixing ratio 混合比
Moist adiabatic lapse rate 湿绝热减温率
Montreal Protocol 蒙特利尔议定书
Multidecadal 多年代纪（尺度）的

N

N
National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) 国家环境空气质量标准
Natural gas 天然气
Neon (Ne) 氖
Net radiation 净辐射
Nitrate 硝酸盐类
Nitric acid 硝酸
Nitrogen-bearing fuel 含氮燃料
Nitrogen dioxide 二氧化氮
Nitrogen oxides (NOx) 氮氧化物（NOx = NO + NO2）
Nitrous oxide 一氧化二氮
Nonideal solution 非理想溶液
Nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHC) 非甲烷挥发性有机物

O

O
Oasis effect 绿洲效应
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) 职业安全与健康管理局
Octane 辛烷
Off-road vehicles 越野车辆
Olefins 烯烃
Organic carbon (OC) 有机碳气溶胶
Organic carbon reservoir 有机碳储层
Oxidation 氧化
Oxygen 氧气
Ozone 臭氧（O3）
Ozone depleting substances (ODS) 臭氧消耗物质
Ozone layer 臭氧层

P

P
Pangaea 盘古;原始大陆
Paraffins 链烷烃
Partial pressure 分压
Particulate matter (PM) 颗粒物
Pascal 帕斯卡（标准压强单位）
Penetration 通过率
Pentanes 戊烷
Perfect gas 理想气体
Permafrost 永久冻土
Peroxyacetylnitrate 化学式为RC(O)OONO2的化学物质
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) 持久性有机污染物
Photochemical reactions 光化学反应
Photochemical smog 光化学烟雾
Photodissociation 光离解
Photosynthesis 光合作用
Physical stack height 烟囱的几何高度
Phytoplankton 浮游植物
Plane-parallel approximation 平面平行近似
Planetary boundary layer (PBL) 大气边界层
Plate tectonics 板块构造学
PM10 空气中空气动力学当量直径小于等于10微米的颗粒物（可吸入颗粒物）
PM2.5 空气中空气动力学当量直径小于等于2.5微米的颗粒物（细颗粒物）
Point sources 点源
Polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) 极地平流层云
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) 多环芳烃
Potential temperature 位温
Precipitation 降水
Pressure drop 压力损失
Primary 一次性的、原生的
Primary pollutants 一次污染物
Propane 丙烷
Pulse-jet filter 脉冲喷吹袋式除尘器

Q

Q
Quantity of radiant energy 辐射能量
Quasi-barotropic fluid 准正压流体
Quaternary period 第四纪
Quenching 冷激

R

R
Radiative-convective equilibrium 辐射对流平衡
Radiative relaxation time 辐射弛豫时间
Radio acoustic sounding system (RASS) 无线电声学探测系统
Radio Detection and Ranging (RADAR) 雷达（无线电探测和测距）
Raman scattering 拉曼散射
Raoult's law 拉乌尔定律
Rate constants 速率常数，指的是反应速率常数
Rayleigh scattering 瑞利散射
Reasonably available control technology (RACT) 合理可得的控制技术
Reburning 再燃
Receptor-oriented 受体导向
Relative humidity (RH) 相对湿度
Remote sensing 遥感
Respirable suspended particles (RSP) 可吸入颗粒物，一般指PM10
Reversibility 可逆性
Riming 淞化过程
Roughness of land surface 地表粗糙度

S

S
Salinity 盐度
Satellite imagery 卫星影像
Saturated adiabatic lapse rate 饱和绝热递减率
Saturation vapor pressure 饱和蒸气压
Scatterometer 散射仪
Scrubbers 湿式除尘器
Sea breeze 海风
Seasonal 季节（尺度）的
Secondary 二次性的；次生的
Secondary inorganic aerosols (SIA) 二次无机气溶胶
Secondary organic aerosols (SOA) 二次有机气溶胶
Secondary pollutants 二次污染物
Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) 选择性催化还原
Selective non-catalytic reduction (SCR) 选择性非催化还原
Settling velocity 沉降速度
Shake-deflat filter 机械振动袋式除尘器
Shallow convection 浅对流
Shortwave radiation 短波辐射
Size distribution functions 粒度分布函数
Smog 烟雾
Solubility 可溶性
Source apportionment 源解析
Source-oriented 源导向
South equatorial current 南赤道海流
Southern Oscillation 南方涛动
Spherical harmonics 球函数
Stagnation 停滞，指的是气团在同一地方停留四天以上的现象
Standard atmosphere 标准大气
Standard deviation 标准偏差
Stefan-Boltzmann constant 玻尔兹曼常数
Stokes' law 斯托克斯定律
Storm track 风暴路径
Stratocumulus 层积云
Stratosphere 平流层
Stratospheric Ozone 平流层臭氧
Stratospheric ozone layer 平流层臭氧层
Sublimation 升华
Subtropical anticyclones 副热带高压
Sulfate 硫酸盐类
Sulfur dioxide 二氧化硫
Sulfur oxides 硫氧化物
Sulfuric acid 硫酸
Sunspots 太阳黑子
Supersaturation 过饱和
Surface filters 表面过滤器
Surface tension 表面张力
Synoptic scale motions 天气尺度运动

T

T
Tail cloud 尾云
Tailpipe emissions 尾气排放
Tapered Element Oscillating Microbalance (TEOM) 微量振荡天平
Technology-forcing emission standards 技术强制排放标准
Temperature inversion 逆温
Tephigram 温熵图
Terminal gravitational settling 末端重力沉降速度
Terminal settling velocity 末端沉降速度
Thermocline 温跃层
Thermodynamics 热力学
Three-way catalysts 三效催化剂
Threshold limit values (TLVs) 阈值
Thunderstorms 雷暴
Tornadoes 龙卷风
Total suspended particulates (TSP) 总悬浮颗粒物
Tow-stage combustion 两段燃烧，又称分段燃烧
Trace gases 微量气体
Trade winds 信风
Trajectories 轨迹
Transpolar drift stream 漂流
Triple point 三相点
Tropical cyclones 热带气旋
Tropopause 对流层顶
Troposphere 对流层
Typhoon 台风

U

U
Ultrafine particles 超细颗粒物
Ultraviolet radiation 紫外线
Universal gas constant 通用气体常数
Unsaturated air 未饱和空气
Upper explosive limit (UEL) 爆炸极限上限
Urban heat island 城市热岛效应

V

V
Vaporization 蒸发
Vapor pressure 蒸汽压
Venturi scrubber 文丘里洗涤器
Venus 金星
Virga 雨幡
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) 挥发性有机化合物
Volcanic eruptions 火山爆发
Vorticity 涡度

W

W
Walker circulation 沃克环流
Warm front 暖锋
Wet and dry bulb hygrometer 干湿球湿度计
Wien's law for blackbody radiation 黑体辐射的维恩定律
Wind shear 风切变
World Health Organization (WHO) 世界卫生组织

X

X
X-ray X射线
Xerothermal index 干热指数

Y

Y
Younger Dryas event 新仙女木事件

Z

Z
Zeldovich thermal kinetic mechanism 泽尔多维奇热动力学机制
Zenith angle 天顶角
Zeolites 沸石
Zero isotherm 冰点等温线
Zodiac 黄道
Zonal velocity 纬向速度
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